写生 2007-11-13 09:40
同一台路由器运行多个OSPF现象浅析（同区域隔离）
[size=4]小弟初次发帖,诸多缺陷,水平不高,望请指教！[img=17,17]http://www.one-tom.com/bbs/smileys/smiley17.gif[/img][/size]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[size=3][font=宋体]同一台路由器运行多个[/font][font=Times New Roman]OSPF[/font][font=宋体]现象浅析（同区域隔离）[/font][/size]
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[size=3][font=宋体]拓扑图：[/font][font=Times New Roman]([/font][color=red][font=宋体]均为[/font][/color][/size][font=Times New Roman][color=red][size=3] AREA 0 [/size][/color][size=3])[/size]
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[font=宋体][size=3]实验目的：[/size][/font]
[size=3]<1> [font=宋体]验证[/font] [font=宋体]在同一区域可以采用在同一路由运行不同[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]进程进行隔离，也就是说：[/font][/size]
[size=3][font=宋体]虽然[/font]R1[font=宋体]、[/font]R2[font=宋体]、[/font]R3[font=宋体]都在区域[/font]0[font=宋体]内，但由于[/font]R2[font=宋体]上运行不同的[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]进程，有着不同的[/font]Database[font=宋体]，所以[/font]R1[font=宋体]和[/font]R2[font=宋体]无法通信（收不到对方路由）；[/font][/size]
[size=3]<2> [font=宋体]附属验证[/font] [font=宋体]在[/font]R2[font=宋体]上不同[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]进程进行会自动选择不同的[/font]Router-ID[font=宋体]。[/font][/size]
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[size=3][font=宋体]实验配置：（基本配置省略，只留下[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]相关配置）[/font][/size]
[size=3]R1[/size]
[size=3]router ospf 100[/size]
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log-adjacency-changes[/size]
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network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0[/size]
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network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0[/size]
[size=3][color=red]R2[/color][color=red][font=宋体]（关键）[/font][/color][color=red][/color][/size]
[size=3]router ospf 100[/size]
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log-adjacency-changes[/size]
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network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0[/size]
[size=3]![/size]
[size=3]router ospf 101[/size]
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log-adjacency-changes[/size]
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network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0[/size]
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network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0[/size]
[size=3]R3[/size]
[size=3]router ospf 100[/size]
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log-adjacency-changes[/size]
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network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0[/size]
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network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0[/size]
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[font=宋体][size=3]实验结果验证：[/size][/font]
[size=3]<1> [font=宋体]验证[/font] [font=宋体]在同一区域可以采用在同一路由运行不同[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]进程进行隔离[/font][/size]
[size=3]R1#sh ip rou[/size]
[size=3]Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP[/size]
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D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area [/size]
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N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2[/size]
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E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2[/size]
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i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2[/size]
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ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route[/size]
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o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route[/size]
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[size=3]Gateway of last resort is not set[/size]
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1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0[/size]
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10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0[/size]
[size=3][b][color=red][font=宋体]（收不到[/font][/color][color=red]R3[/color][/b][b][color=red][font=宋体]的路由信息）[/font][/color][color=red][/color][/b][/size]
[b][size=3][color=red][font=宋体]但是数据库中仍然可以看到本区域的主机：[/font][/color][color=red][/color][/size][/b]
[b][size=3]R1#sh ip os da[/size][/b]
[b][size=3] [/size][/b]
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[/b]
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 100)[/size]
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Router Link States (Area 0)[/size]
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[size=3]Link ID
ADV Router
Age
Seq#
Checksum Link count[/size]
[size=3]1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
1003
0x80000008 0x00E570 3[/size]
[size=3]3.3.3.3
3.3.3.3
3212
0x8000000B 0x007BA8 3[/size]
[size=3]20.0.0.2
20.0.0.2
667
0x80000005 0x00CF8A 2[/size]
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[size=3][b][color=red][font=宋体]下面是[/font][/color][color=red]R2[/color][/b][b][color=red][font=宋体]的路由表（全路由）[/font][/color][color=red][/color][/b][/size]
[b][size=3]R2#sh ip rou[/size][/b]
[size=3]Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP[/size]
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D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area [/size]
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N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2[/size]
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E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2[/size]
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i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2[/size]
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ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route[/size]
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o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route[/size]
[size=3] [/size]
[size=3]Gateway of last resort is not set[/size]
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1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]O
1.1.1.0 [110/65] via 10.0.0.1, 00:02:23, Serial1/0[/size]
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2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0[/size]
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3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
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3.3.3.3 [110/65] via 20.0.0.3, 00:01:51, Serial1/1[/size]
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20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
20.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1[/size]
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10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0![/size]
[size=3][b][color=red][font=宋体]在[/font][/color][color=red]R2[/color][/b][b][color=red][font=宋体]的数据库中可以很明白看出来结构：[/font][/color][color=red][/color][/b][/size]
[b][size=3]R2#sh ip os da[/size][/b]
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OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 101)[/size]
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Router Link States (Area 0)[/size]
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[size=3]Link ID
ADV Router
Age
Seq#
Checksum Link count[/size]
[size=3]2.2.2.2
2.2.2.2
328
0x80000003 0x00D470 3[/size]
[size=3]3.3.3.3
3.3.3.3
333
0x80000017 0x005EC7 3[/size]
[size=3]20.0.0.2
20.0.0.2
3297
0x8000000E 0x00F36F 5[/size]
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OSPF Router with ID (20.0.0.2) (Process ID 100)[/size]
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Router Link States (Area 0)[/size]
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[size=3]Link ID
ADV Router
Age
Seq#
Checksum Link count[/size]
[size=3]1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
1095
0x80000008 0x00E570 3[/size]
[size=3]3.3.3.3
3.3.3.3
3303
0x8000000B 0x007BA8 3[/size]
[size=3]20.0.0.2
20.0.0.2
757
0x80000005 0x00CF8A 2[/size]
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[size=3]R3#sh ip rou[/size]
[size=3]Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP[/size]
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D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area [/size]
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N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2[/size]
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E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2[/size]
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i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2[/size]
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ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route[/size]
[size=3]
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route[/size]
[size=3] [/size]
[size=3]Gateway of last resort is not set[/size]
[size=3] [/size]
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2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]O
2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 20.0.0.2, 00:02:21, Serial1/0[/size]
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3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0[/size]
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20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets[/size]
[size=3]C
20.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0[/size]
[size=3][b][color=red]R3[/color][/b][b][color=red][font=宋体]的数据库[/font][/color][color=red]:[/color][/b][/size]
[b][size=3]R3#sh ip os da[/size][/b]
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OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 100)[/size]
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Router Link States (Area 0)[/size]
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[size=3]Link ID
ADV Router
Age
Seq#
Checksum Link count[/size]
[size=3]2.2.2.2
2.2.2.2
471
0x80000003 0x00D470 3[/size]
[size=3]3.3.3.3
3.3.3.3
474
0x80000017 0x005EC7 3[/size]
[size=3]20.0.0.2
20.0.0.2
3438
0x8000000E 0x00F36F 5[/size]
[size=3] [/size]
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[size=3][font=宋体]验证[/font]2 [font=宋体]附属验证[/font] [font=宋体]在[/font]R2[font=宋体]上不同[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]进程进行会自动选择不同的[/font]Router-ID[/size]
[size=3][font=宋体]（在[/font]R2[font=宋体]上）[/font][/size]
[size=3]R2#sh ip os[/size]
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[color=red]Routing Process "ospf 101" with ID 2.2.2.2[/color][/size]
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Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes[/size]
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Supports opaque LSA[/size]
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Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/size]
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Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs[/size]
[size=3]([font=宋体]中间省略[/font])[/size]
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[color=red]Routing Process "ospf 100" with ID 20.0.0.2[/color][/size]
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Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes[/size]
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Supports opaque LSA[/size]
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Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/size]
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Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs[/size]
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Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs[/size]
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Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs[/size]
[font=宋体][size=3]（后面省略）[/size][/font]
[size=3][font=宋体]红色标记的地方说明：环回口优先级最高，决定[/font]Router-ID[font=宋体]，但当运行多个[/font]OSPF[font=宋体]进程的时候，路由会选择其他接口作为不同的[/font]Router-ID,[font=宋体]以在不同的网络区域里区分路由[/font][/size]
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