JunOS 快速查看某部分路由的方法--2
路由数量小的时候直接show route 让我们消耗的时间或许并不多,但对于Juniper的M/T系列来说,本身面向的就是Internet骨干路由器,很多情况下都会收全球路由,甚至本AS内所有的明细路由,这些量都是很大的,少则数万,多则数百万.在这时候我们还show route来慢慢找的话是相当浪费时间的,或许有些人会说match,其实这是最笨的方法,和show route 慢慢按空格差不多,只不过不用你的眼睛去盯着.下面简单介绍一下我自己的一些体会:
8.根据下一跳查找show route logical-router 163 terse next-hop 163.0.2.2
[email=root@j72r42][color=#0000ff]root@j72r42[/color][/email]> show route logical-router 163 terse next-hop 163.0.2.2
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf Metric 1 Metric 2 Next hop AS path
* 58.43.192.0/18 B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 I
* 58.49.108.0/24 B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 I
58.154.0.0/15 B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 4538 I
58.192.0.0/12 B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 4538 I
58.192.0.0/14 B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 4538 I
9.根据路由的出接口查找show route logical-router 163 output interface fxp1.5
[email=root@j72r42][color=#0000ff]root@j72r42[/color][/email]> show route logical-router 163 output interface fxp1.5
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
1.0.0.0/16 [BGP/170] 4d 01:23:29, MED 0, localpref 100
AS path: 4809 1 I
> to 163.0.2.2 via fxp1.5
1.0.1.0/30 [BGP/170] 4d 07:35:14, MED 0, localpref 100
AS path: 4809 1 I
> to 163.0.2.2 via fxp1.5
1.0.1.4/30 [BGP/170] 4d 07:35:14, MED 0, localpref 100
AS path: 4809 1 I
> to 163.0.2.2 via fxp1.5
1.0.1.8/30 [BGP/170] 4d 07:35:14, MED 0, localpref 100
AS path: 4809 1 I
> to 163.0.2.2 via fxp1.5
10.直接查看show route logical-router 163 terse 211.139.0.0
[email=root@j72r42][color=#0000ff]root@j72r42[/color][/email]> show route logical-router 163 terse 211.139.0.0
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf Metric 1 Metric 2 Next hop AS path
* 211.139.0.0/20 B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.6 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.10 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.2 65000 4809 9808 I
可以带掩码查看，不带掩码为最长匹配该地址的路由
11.使用range参数 show route logical-router 163 terse range 211.139.0.0/18
[email=root@j72r42][color=#0000ff]root@j72r42[/color][/email]> show route logical-router 163 terse range 211.139.0.0/18
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf Metric 1 Metric 2 Next hop AS path
* 211.139.0.0/20 B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.6 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.10 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.2 65000 4809 9808 I
* 211.139.16.0/20 B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.6 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.10 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.2 65000 4809 9808 I
* 211.139.32.0/19 B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.6 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.10 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.2.2 4809 9808 I
B 170 100 0 >163.0.1.2 65000 4809 9808 I
查看指定网段(支持VLSM)包含的路由,不加掩码表示/32
12.查看指定路由的详细信息show route logical-router 163 210.40.32.1 extensive
[email=root@j72r42][color=#0000ff]root@j72r42[/color][/email]> show route logical-router 163 210.40.32.1 extensive
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3 hidden)
210.40.0.0/18 (4 entries, 1 announced)
TSI:
KRT in-kernel 210.40.0.0/18 -> {163.0.2.2}
Page 0 idx 0 Type 1 val 87c02b8
Nexthop: Self
MED: 0
AS path: 4809 4538 I
Communities: 4538:1
Page 0 idx 1 Type 1 val 86e3fd8
Nexthop: 163.0.2.2
MED: 0
Localpref: 100
AS path: 4809 4538 I
Communities: 4538:1
Page 0 idx 3 Type 1 val 88d9540
Nexthop: Self
MED: 0
AS path: 4809 4538 I
Communities: 4538:1
Path 210.40.0.0 from 163.0.2.2 Vector len 4. Val: 0 1 3
*BGP Preference: 170/-101
Next-hop reference count: 6484
Source: 163.0.2.2
Next hop: 163.0.2.2 via fxp1.5, selected
State: <Active Ext>
Local AS: 4134 Peer AS: 4809
Age: 4d 7:42:59 Metric: 0
Task: BGP_4809.163.0.2.2+179
Announcement bits (3): 0-KRT 4-BGP.0.0.0.0+179 5-Resolve tree 2
AS path: 4809 4538 I
Communities: 4538:1
Localpref: 100
Router ID: 59.0.0.1
BGP Preference: 170/-101
Next-hop reference count: 2258
Source: 163.0.1.2
Next hop: 163.0.1.2 via fxp1.10, selected
State: <Ext>
Inactive reason: AS path
Local AS: 4134 Peer AS: 65000
Age: 4d 7:42:59 Metric: 0
Task: BGP_65000.163.0.1.2+179
AS path: 65000 4809 4538 I
Communities: 4538:1
Localpref: 100
Router ID: 200.0.0.1
在BGP选路时这条命令很有用，从其中的Inactive reason可以看出这条路由没有被优选的原因。还可以看到该路由的AS Path，Communities，MED，LocalPref等属性值。
带extensive参数时最好指定最长匹配的地址，否则stdout输出太多反而得不偿失。
经过上边这些参数的应用，相信能给路由查找节约不少的时间，同时也尽量的减轻了RE的负担
show route | match操作很占CPU的，我在qemu中做的一个测试，同时ssh登陆三个用户，执行show route logical-router all terse | match / | count ，查看load，接近5.3
CPU使用率也很高。
以上不能说是原创，因为这都是JunOS中固有的参数，只不过是稍加灵活的运用了一下。这些参数大家都知道的，只是在实际应用中可能没太在意。
虽然条条大路通罗马，但毕竟都希望能尽快的到达目的地.
[[i] 本帖最后由 爱笑女孩儿 于 2007-12-9 20:27 编辑 [/i]]
