水瓶女孩 2007-12-9 20:24
JunOS 快速查看某部分路由的方法--1
路由数量小的时候直接show route
让我们消耗的时间或许并不多,但对于Juniper的M/T系列来说,本身面向的就是Internet骨干路由器,很多情况下都会收全球路由,甚至本AS内所有的明细路由,这些量都是很大的,少则数万,多则数百万.在这时候我们还show
route来慢慢找的话是相当浪费时间的,或许有些人会说match,其实这是最笨的方法,和show route
慢慢按空格差不多,只不过不用你的眼睛去盯着.下面简单介绍一下我自己的一些体会:
1.根据路由所在的路由表来查找show route logical-router 163 table inet.0 terse
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 table inet.0 terse
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf
Metric 1 Metric 2 Next
hop AS path
*
0.0.0.0/0 S
5
Discard
* 1.0.0.0/16 B
170
100
>1.0.1.1 1
I
B 170
100 0
>1.0.1.1 1
I
B 170
100 0
>1.0.1.1 1
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.2.2 4809 1
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.2 65000 1 I
看起来这和直接show route
并没有什么区别,但如果你要看的ipv6路由或者组播路由,那你可能要把之前的几十万空格完了才能看到,由于在JunOS中,ipv4/ipv6/mpls路由都是分在不同的路由表中,这样使用table
routing-table-name 的方式来查看ipv4以外的路由是相当方便的.
2.根据路由协议来查找show route logical-router 163 protocol bgp
terse
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 protocol bgp terse
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf
Metric 1 Metric 2 Next
hop AS path
*
1.0.0.0/16 B
170
100
>1.0.1.1 1
I
B 170
100 0
>1.0.1.1 1
I
B 170
100 0
>1.0.1.1 1
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.2.2 4809 1
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.2 65000 1 I
一般来说,一个规划得好的网络是不会存在太多不同的路由协议的,但就骨干网来说,通常至少会有两种:BGP和ISIS,BGP的路由数量显然是最多的,但由于ISIS主要承担接口地址的互通,网络规模大了以后ISIS路由的数量也不可小看.区分协议来查看很有必要.
3.根据收到该路由的协议及邻居来查看show route logical-router 163 receive-protocol bgp
163.0.0.11
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 receive-protocol bgp 163.0.0.11
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
Prefix
Nexthop
MED Lclpref AS path
1.0.0.0/16
1.0.1.5
0
100 1 I
1.0.1.0/30
1.0.1.5
0
100 1 I
1.0.1.8/30
1.0.1.5
0
100 1 I
1.0.1.12/30
1.0.1.5
0
100 1 I
这里需要主意的是:这种方法对链路状态路由协议无效(原因?自己想),支持bgp,dvmrp,msdp,pim,rip,ripng等集中协议.
4.查看通告给相应邻居对应协议的路由show route logical-router 163 advertising-protocol bgp
163.0.0.11
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 advertising-protocol bgp 163.0.0.11
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
Prefix
Nexthop
MED Lclpref AS path
*
0.0.0.0/0
Self
0
100 8888 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
I
*
1.0.0.0/16
1.0.1.1
0
100 1 I
*
1.0.1.4/30
1.0.1.1
0
100 1 I
*
1.0.1.8/30
1.0.1.1
0
100 1 I
和3一样,这里也仅支持那集中协议.
5.根据BGP路由的AS-Path属性来查看show route logical-router 163 terse aspath-regex
.*9808
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 terse aspath-regex .*9808
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf
Metric 1 Metric 2 Next
hop AS path
*
211.103.0.0/17 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 9808
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.10 9808
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.2.2 4809 9808
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.2 65000 4809 9808 I
*
211.103.0.0/18 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 9808
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.10 9808
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.2.2 4809 9808
I
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.2 65000 4809 9808 I
需要注意的是:当aspath-regex参数后跟的正则表达式中含有某些cli已用的或其他特殊字符时需要用""括起来,例如
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 terse aspath-regex "()"
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf
Metric 1 Metric 2 Next
hop AS path
*
0.0.0.0/0 S
5
Discard
* 1.0.1.0/30
D
0
>fxp2.80
*
1.0.1.2/32 L
0
Local
* 58.30.0.0/15 I
165
10
>163.0.1.6
B 170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 I
6.根据community来查看show route logical-router 163 terse community
4134:1631
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 terse community 4134:1631
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf
Metric 1 Metric 2 Next
hop AS path
58.30.0.0/15 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 I
58.32.0.0/13 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 I
58.40.0.0/15 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 I
58.42.0.0/17 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 I
58.42.128.0/17 B
170
100 0
>163.0.1.6 I
可以更细化的根据这条路由的来源来查找(前提当然是这条路由是BGP且打了community)
7.与6相反,查看没有community的路由show route logical-router 163 terse
no-community
root@j72r42> show route logical-router
163 terse no-community
inet.0: 3349 destinations, 10672 routes (3348 active, 0 holddown, 3
hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
A Destination P Prf
Metric 1 Metric 2 Next
hop AS path
*
0.0.0.0/0 S
5
Discard
* 1.0.1.0/30
D
0
>fxp2.80
*
1.0.1.2/32 L
0
Local
* 58.30.0.0/15 I
165
10
>163.0.1.6
* 58.32.0.0/13 I
165
10
>163.0.1.6
* 58.40.0.0/15 I
165
10
>163.0.1.6
flickxie 2007-12-10 00:27
不厚道啊。。。咋不注明转帖呢？？？？
