最近的目标是JNCIA、JNCIS。
正好搞到三台M7I，准备搞个RACK，认认真真地学习JUNIPER，可惜设备版本不高，不支持JWEB。准备将原版本升级至7.4.（JUNOS 7.3开始支持JWEB）
官方文档www.juniper.net/support
To upgrade your software, there are several simple steps (following this list, we will explain each item in more detail):
1.Download the software package(s) you need from the Juniper Networks Web site.
2.Perform a system backup on the router you wish to upgrade.
3.Copy the software package(s) to the router you wish to upgrade.
4.Add the new software package(s) to the router you wish to upgrade (this will effectively delete the old packages).
5.Reboot the router.
一、准备工作
1、
备份原有JUNOS
2、
准备高版本JUNOS
3、
FTP服务器
4、
升级失败的心理准备
二、升级过程
1、
查看原有版本
test@Lab1> show version
Hostname: Lab1
Model: m7i
JUNOS Base OS boot [7.0R1.5]
JUNOS Base OS Software Suite [7.0R1.5]
JUNOS Kernel Software Suite [7.0R1.5]
JUNOS Packet Forwarding Engine Support (M7i/M10i) [7.0R1.5]
JUNOS Routing Software Suite [7.0R1.5]
JUNOS Online Documentation [7.0R1.5]
test@Lab1>
2、
备份原有JUNOS
test@Lab1# request system snapshot
文档上的说法是：This will back up the /root file system to /altroot and the /config file system to /altconfig on the hard disk.
3、将7.0 JUNOS升级为 7.4 JUNOS
test@Lab1> ftp ftp.a-sharp.net
Connected to ftp.a-sharp.net.
220-Serv-U FTP Server v6.4 for WinSock ready...
220 welcome!
Name (ftp.a-sharp.net:test): chenjun
331 User name okay, need password.
Password:
230 User logged in, proceed.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> cd junos
250 Directory changed to /os
ftp> dir
200 PORT Command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
drw-rw-rw-
1 user
group
0 Oct 20 23:43 .
drw-rw-rw-
1 user
group
0 Oct 20 23:43 ..
-rw-rw-rw-
1 user
group
69045945 Oct 20 23:59 jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz
-rw-rw-rw-
1 user
group
3082932 Oct 20 23:59 jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz
226 Transfer complete.
ftp>
ftp> get jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz
local: jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz remote: jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz
200 PORT Command successful.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz (69045945 Bytes).
100% |******************************************************************************************************| 67427 KB
00:00 ETA
226 Transfer complete.
69045945 bytes received in 580.57 seconds (116.14 KB/s)
ftp> quit
221 Goodbye!
下载好7.4的JUNOS，开始安装
test@Lab1> request system software add jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz
NOTICE: Validating configuration against jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz.
NOTICE: Use the 'no-validate' option to skip this if desired.
Checking compatibility with configuration
Initializing...
Using jbase-7.0R1.5
Using /var/home/test/jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz
Verified jinstall-7.4R1.7-export.tgz signed by PackageProduction_7_4_0
Using /var/validate/tmp/jinstall-signed/jinstall-7.4R1.7-export.tgz
Using /var/validate/tmp/jinstall/jbundle-7.4R1.7-export.tgz
Checking jbundle requirements on /
Using /var/validate/tmp/jbundle/jbase-7.4R1.7.tgz
Using /var/validate/tmp/jbundle/jkernel-7.4R1.7.tgz
Using /var/validate/tmp/jbundle/jpfe-7.4R1.7.tgz
Using /var/validate/tmp/jbundle/jdocs-7.4R1.7.tgz
Using /var/validate/tmp/jbundle/jroute-7.4R1.7.tgz
Validating against /config/juniper.conf.gz
mgd: commit complete
Validation succeeded
Installing package '/var/home/test/jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz' ...
Verified jinstall-7.4R1.7-export.tgz signed by PackageProduction_7_4_0
Adding jinstall...
WARNING:
This package will load JUNOS 7.4R1.7 software.
WARNING:
It will save JUNOS configuration files, and SSH keys
WARNING:
(if configured), but erase all other files and information
WARNING:
stored on this machine.
It will attempt to preserve dumps
WARNING:
and log files, but this can not be guaranteed.
This is the
WARNING:
pre-installation stage and all the software is loaded when
WARNING:
you reboot the system.
Saving the config files ...
Installing the bootstrap installer ...
WARNING:
A REBOOT IS REQUIRED TO LOAD THIS SOFTWARE CORRECTLY. Use the
WARNING:
'request system reboot' command when software installation is
WARNING:
complete. To abort the installation, do not reboot your system,
WARNING:
instead use the 'request system software delete jinstall'
WARNING:
command as soon as this operation completes.
Saving package file in /var/sw/pkg/jinstall-7.4R1.7-export-signed.tgz ...
Saving state for rollback ...
这里有警告，吓一跳！安装后重启设备
test@Lab1> request system reboot
Reboot the system ? [yes,no] (no) yes
Reboot consistency check bypassed - jinstall 7.4R1.7 will complete installation upon reboot
shutdown: [pid 36766]
Shutdown NOW!
test@Lab1>
*** FINAL System shutdown message from test@Lab1 ***
System going down IMMEDIATELY
重启速度很慢，一跟烟功夫，比以前慢多了。还以为是升级失败了呢。
重新登录……
--- JUNOS 7.4R1.7 built 2005-10-21 01:29:55 UTC
test@Lab1>
test@Lab1> show version
Hostname: Lab1
Model: m7i
JUNOS Base OS boot [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Base OS Software Suite [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Kernel Software Suite [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Packet Forwarding Engine Support (M7i/M10i) [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Routing Software Suite [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Online Documentation [7.4R1.7]
test@Lab1>
7.4 JUNOS升级成功！
现在开始升级JWEB，步骤还是和升级JUNOS一样
test@Lab1> ftp ftp.a-sharp.net
Connected to ftp.a-sharp.net.
220-Serv-U FTP Server v6.4 for WinSock ready...
220 welcome!
Name (ftp.a-sharp.net:test): chenjun
331 User name okay, need password.
Password:
230 User logged in, proceed.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> cd junos
250 Directory changed to /os
ftp> get jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz
local: jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz remote: jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz
200 PORT Command successful.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz (3082932 Bytes).
100% |******************************************************************************************************| 3010 KB 00:00 ETA
226 Transfer complete.
3082932 bytes received in 25.70 seconds (117.14 KB/s)
ftp> quit
221 Goodbye!
开始安装JWEB升级包
test@Lab1> request system software add jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz
NOTICE: Validating configuration against jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz.
NOTICE: Use the 'best-effort-load' option to match the checks done at boot time.
NOTICE: Use the 'no-validate' option to skip this if desired.
Checking compatibility with configuration
Initializing...
Using jbase-7.4R1.7
Using /var/home/test/jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz
Verified jweb-7.5R1.12.tgz signed by PackageProduction_7_5_0
Using /var/validate/tmp/jweb-signed/jweb-7.5R1.12.tgz
Checking jweb requirements on /
Available space: 168002 require: 5185
Using jkernel-7.4R1.7
Using jroute-7.4R1.7
Validating against /config/juniper.conf.gz
mgd: commit complete
Validation succeeded
Installing package '/var/home/test/jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz' ...
Verified jweb-7.5R1.12.tgz signed by PackageProduction_7_5_0
Adding jweb...
Available space: 168002 require: 5185
Mounted jweb package on /dev/vn5...
Executing /packages/mnt/jweb-7.5R1.12/mount.post..
/packages/mnt/jweb-7.5R1.12/mount.post: /sbin/clonedev: not found
Reloading /config/juniper.conf.gz ...
Activating /config/juniper.conf.gz ...
mgd: commit complete
Restarting mgd ...
Saving package file in /var/sw/pkg/jweb-7.5R1.12-signed.tgz ...
Saving state for rollback ...
WARNING: cli has been replaced by an updated version:
CLI release 7.4R1.7 built by builder on 2005-10-21 01:30:05 UTC
Restart cli using the new version ? [yes,no] (yes) yes
Restarting cli ...
test@Lab1>
test@Lab1> request system reboot
Reboot the system ? [yes,no] (no) yes
*** FINAL System shutdown message from test@Lab1 ***
System going down IMMEDIATELY
Shutdown NOW!
[pid 6232]
一跟烟没抽完就重启好了，登录上去
test@Lab1> show version
Hostname: Lab1
Model: m7i
JUNOS Base OS boot [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Base OS Software Suite [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Kernel Software Suite [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Packet Forwarding Engine Support (M7i/M10i) [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Routing Software Suite [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Online Documentation [7.4R1.7]
JUNOS Web Management [7.5R1.12]
test@Lab1>
show version多了条JUNOS Web Management [7.5R1.12]，呵呵，成功了。
还要
配置如下：
test@Lab1> configure
Entering configuration mode
[edit]
test@Lab1#
test@Lab1# set system services web-management http port 80
test@Lab1# set system login user wanglinlin class super-user authentication plain-text-password
test@Lab1# commit
如果设备本来没有配置IP地址的，还需要配置IP地址
test@Lab1# set interface fxp0 unit 0 family inet address YY.YY.XX.XX/32
打开IE，就可以通过WEB方式配置、管理设备了。
成功登录！
就这样啦！有什么问题可以与我联系，大家相互学习交流。
QQ:123883168
http://www.a-sharp.net
附：
应急措施
以下是在升级不成功或需要中断升级的情况下可以采取的一些措施。
注意：最好的做法是只在紧急情况下使用这些措施。如果在升级过程中出现问题，请立即联系代理工程师或JUNIPER工程师。这些措施列在这里仅供在紧急情况下使用。
1.如果需要退回到原先的版本
如果因为新版本工作不正常或者是在升级过程中遇到其它问题，需要退回到原先的版本，则你可以重新安装自动保存在/var/sw/pkg 目录下的原先的版本。命令格式与升级操作是一样的，只是文件名不一样。
test@Lab1> request system software add /var/sw/pkg/jinstall-7.0R1.5-export-signed.tgz
test@Lab1> request system reboot
2.从FLASH启动失败
如果升级后系统无法从FLASH启动，则系统会自动从硬盘启动，硬盘上保存有原先的JUNOS版本和配置
我们需要RE启动时本地控制口的日志以确认RE启动失败的原因。
3.RE切换不正常
如果RE切换后主RE工作不正常，需要切回备份RE，可以在主RE本地控制口上执行以下命令：
test@Lab1> request chassis routing-engine master release no-confirm
2001-2007 Comsenz Inc.
